鸦片战争导致了中国与西方列强的冲突。

The opium war led to conflicts between China and Western powers.

随着西方列强的入侵，中国的国门被打开。

As western big powers inbreak, chinese country the door is opened.

随着奥斯曼帝国的衰落， 西方列强插手黎巴嫩。

With the decline of the Ottoman Empire, western powers intervened in Lebanon.

近代以来，东南亚广大地区纷纷沦为西方列强的殖民地。

All the areas in Southeast Asia fell to be colonies of Western powers in modern history with the exception of Thailand.

西方列强在十九世纪对中国的蹂躏给这个国家留下了不可磨灭的烙印，二十世纪的斗争也同样是如此。

The rape of China by the Western powers in the nineteenth century left an indelible imprint, but so too did the struggles of the twentieth century.

如何解释拥有优越航海技术的海上霸主，竟不能像后来的西方列强一样，去寻找更远的新大陆呢？

How are we to explain that the superior maritime technology that these voyages put to use was not deployed later in the manner of the Western powers which went on to discover new continents?

自从西方列强向中国人展示他们的古老文明不敌现代挑战，中国人就开始思索自己在国际上的地位。

Ever since the coming of Western power demonstrated that China's ancient civilization was not up to the challenges of modernity, China has struggled to understand its place in the wider world.