先例是初审法官在决定案件最终结果时所依赖的法律规则。

The precedent is the rule of law which the first instance judge relied on in determining the case's outcome.

治安法院和刑事法院的初审法官是行使证据排除裁量权的最重要主体.

The discretionary power is generally entitled to trial judges in Magistration Court and Criminal Court.