Consumers buy whichever product offers the higher consumer surplus.

消费者将选择任何能带来较高消费者剩余的商品。

This rental payment appropriates some of the consumer surplus.

这种租金付款占有了一些消费剩余。

Label the price, quantity, consumer surplus, and producer surplus.

标出价格、数量、消费者剩余和生产者剩余。

It's relatively easy to produce extra consumer surplus from a monopoly situation.

在垄断情况下，要制造额外的消费者剩余会相对容易些。

Consumer surplus is the value to a consumer of consumption of a good, minus the price paid.

消费者剩余指的是消费者购买一件商品所得到价值，减去购买这件商品的费用。

Using a new diagram, show the new consumer surplus, producer surplus, and total surplus.

用新图形说明消费者剩余、生产者剩余和总剩余。

Only when the enterprise increasingly creates consumer surplus can it succeed in marketing.

企业只有不断创造消费者剩余，才能最终取得营销的成功。

Explain how buyers' willingness to pay, consumer surplus, and the demand curve are related.

解释买者的支付意愿，消费者剩余和需求曲线之间如何关联。

How does the subsidy affect consumer surplus, producer surplus, tax revenue, and total surplus?

这种补贴政策如何影响消费者剩余、生产者剩余、税收和总剩余？

Deadweight (losses) : loss of consumer surplus incurred by buyers and not captured by producers.

无谓的损失：指买方失去而生产者未能抓住的消费者盈余。

One possibility is that they fail to count the huge consumer surplus given away free of charge on the internet.

原因可能是互联网低廉甚至免费的服务导致了严重的消费者过剩，这部分并未计算在内。

While the policy of direct payment whose costs are mostly shouldered by taxpayer, increases the consumer surplus.

而直接支付政策的绝大部分成本由纳税人承担，消费者剩余明显增加。

U. s antitrust law's goal is to focus on seeking maximal producer and consumer surplus by stressing competition role.

美国的竞争政策侧重于追求消费者剩余和生产者剩余最大化，强调通过竞争的作用来达到这一经济效率目标。

Many issues such as margin, flexibility, consumer surplus in economics relate to this important method — limit thinking.

经济学中的边际、弹性、消费者剩余等许多问题，都涉及到极限思想这一重要方法。

The tourism value is considered as the sum of the tourists' travel cost, consumer surplus, time value and other expenses.

旅游价值估算为游客的旅行费用支出、消费者剩余、时间价值和其他花费之和。

The tourism value is considered as the sum of the tourists travel cost, time value and consumer surplus and other expenses.

在野外调查的基础上，采用费用支出法、时间费用法以及消费者剩余法对太白山国家森林公园陕西游憩价值进行了评估。

Consumer surplus would also rise in this instance, because some people would buy songs they would have not have done at a higher uniform price.

消费者剩余同样会在这个例子中得到提升，因为许多人会购买那些在较高统一价格下不会购买的歌曲。

The effects of change of spillovers on R&D expenditures, outputs, profits, consumer surplus and social welfare are analyzed under every case.

在每种情况下，都讨论了溢出的变动对R&D支出、产量、利润、消费者剩余和社会福利的影响。

In particular, companies create what is known as "consumer surplus" -the difference between the market price and what a consumer would be willing to pay.

特别是，公司创造出“消费过剩”——市场价格和消费者愿意支付的之间的差异。

4 (Exercise) Fordemand x(p) = p–e, for e > 1, find the consumersurplus as a function of p. (Hint: recall that the consumer surplus can be expressed as .)

(练习) 对于需求 x(p) = p–e 其中 e > 1 用p表示出消费者剩余. (提示: 回忆一下，消费者剩余函数可以表示为.)

The social welfare, consumer surplus, and the production quality, no matter under what form of technology licensing, are by all means no less than that without technology licensing.

在有技术授权的情况下，社会福利、消费者剩余与产品品质将恒不劣于无技术授权。

The difference between the price for the phone and $3,000 represents one estimate — and a conservative one — of the consumer surplus created by the deflationary effects of Moore's Law.

手机的价格与3000美元之差代表对摩尔定律通货紧缩效应所创造的消费者盈余的一种估计，而且是保守估计。

Economists call this phenomenon "consumer surplus" - the excess value of a good beyond the actual price a consumer pays; what you would have been willing to pay, in other words, if you had to.

经济学家将这种现象称为“消费者盈余”，即商品价值超出消费者实际支付价格，换句话说如果不得不的话，而希望支付的价格。

Similarly, an order of French fries might beworth $3 to a consumer, but because French fries are available for around $1, the consumer obtains a surplus of $2 in the purchase.

同样的道理，如果对一个消费者来说，薯条的价值是3美元，而实际上的售价在1美元左右，那么这个消费者便得到了2美元的消费者剩余。

The stronger growth in Chinese consumer spending has got much less attention in America than the sharp increase in the country's trade surplus.

中国消费性开支的强劲增长在美国引起的注意要比中国贸易顺差的急剧增加少的多。

He fears that surplus economies like China and Japan will not boost consumption enough to make up for the downturn in American consumer spending.

他担心，中国、日本等顺差经济体刺激消费不足以弥补美国消费支出的下滑。

28the stronger growth in Chinese consumer spending has got much less attention in America than the sharp increase in the country's trade surplus.

28比较起中国消费开支的强势增长，贸易顺差的迅猛增长更加引起美国的关注。

That might help to narrow a yawning wealth gap between China's elite and its poor majority and ease tensions over its trade surplus by boosting consumer demand for imports.

他们可能会缩小中国精英和大多数人贫苦者的差距，通过推动进口消费需求缓解贸易顺差的紧张局面。

In each case, consumer and producer surplus are used to evaluate the gains and losses to consumers and producers.

在每种情况下，消费者和生产者剩余被用来评估消费者和生产者的利润和损失。

Another service that help prevent surplus of farm products during peak seasons is consumer marketing information.

另一种防止旺季农产品过剩的服务是提供消费市场的情报。