What factors, at the community level, do predict if poor children will move up the economic ladder as adults?

在社区层面上，什么因素能够预测贫困儿童长大后是否会提升经济地位？

Again, people at the bottom of the economic ladder are more alarmed — 85% of C2s think they could become unemployed.

另外，穷人受到的影响会更加严重——85%的C2s认为他们可能会失业。

Another culprit behind the hedonic treadmill is the shift in reference groups that occurs as we move up the economic ladder.

快乐跑步机“背后另一个”真凶是当我们每上一个经济台阶后在参考群体对象上的转移。

"What you're seeing is people at the bottom rung of the economic ladder being taken off the economic ladder entirely," Kleinbard said.

“你所能见的景象是，原本收入中等的人在金融风暴中被彻底击垮，无力翻身，”凯伦·巴德说。

"People on the lower rungs of the global economic ladder are barely hanging on [surviving], and as food prices rise, many are simply losing their grip and beginning to fall off," he added.

布朗说：“在全球经济这个阶梯上，站在梯子下层的人们仅仅能够满足生存的需要，由于食品价格的上涨，一些人便站不住了，于是他们开始从梯子上摔下去。

"People on the lower rungs of the global economic ladder are barely hanging on [surviving], and as food prices rise, many are simply losing their grip and beginning to fall off, " he added.

布朗说：“在全球经济这个阶梯上，站在梯子下层的人们仅仅能够满足生存的需要，由于食品价格的上涨，一些人便站不住了，于是他们开始从梯子上摔下去。

Since the late 1990s, average incomes have declined 2.5% for families on the bottom fifth of the country's economic ladder, while incomes have increased 9.1% for families on the top fifth.

自从九十年代后期以来，位于美国经济阶梯底端的五分之一家庭的平均收入下降了2.5%，而经济阶梯顶端的五分之一家庭的收入增长了9.1%。

Many English novels show a poor main character rising on the economic and social ladder, perhaps because of a good marriage or the discovery of a hidden aristocratic past.

大量英国小说都讲述贫困的主人公在经济和社会的阶梯上青云直上，或得助于美好的姻缘，或由于不为人知的贵族背景被发现。

They lack formal work arrangements and social security, and often earn too little to provide for their families, let alone climb the ladder of economic opportunity.

他们缺乏正式的工作安排和社会保障，常常收入太少，无法养活家庭，更不用说有升迁的机会。