Glaciers are open systems, with snow as the system's input and meltwater as the system's main output.

冰川是开放系统，雪是系统的输入，融水是系统的主要输出。

With additional time, pressure, and refrozen meltwater from above, the small firn granules become larger, interlocked crystals of blue glacial ice.

随着时间的推移，压力的增加，再加上从上方重新冻结的融水，小冰原颗粒成为相互锁结的大晶体蓝色冰川冰。

Here water may be stored in ice form for hundreds or even hundreds of thousands of years before being released again into the liquid water system as meltwater.

在这里，水可能以冰的形式储存数百年甚至数十万年，然后再以融水的形式释放到液态水系统中。

The theory posited that this meltwater flooded into the North Atlantic, lowering the salinity and intensity of surface waters enough to prevent them from sinking.

该理论假设，这些融水涌入北大西洋，降低了地表水的盐度和强度，足以防止它们下沉。

Warmer temperatures mean more ponds of meltwater on the ice's surface.

暖空气意味着冰面会形成更多水塘，从而改变冰面的折光系数。

They found that the role of meltwater varied widely from basin to basin.

它们发现融化的水的作用对每条流域的作用大大有所不同。

He's just back from swimming in a meltwater lake on the slopes of Mount Everest.

他刚刚结束了一段珠峰冰水湖的之“游”。

On top of the Himalaya, glaciers whose meltwater sustains vast populations are dwindling.

一直以来喜马拉雅山山顶冰川融化的水维系了很多国家人很多人的生命，但是冰川数量正在减少。

Glacial meltwater flows into Tasermiut fjord in south Greenland on a late September afternoon.

冰川的融水流进格陵兰岛南部的特隆赫姆沥海峡（拍摄于9月下旬的一个下午）。

We've had very heavy rain here which has come on top of the meltwater from all the recent snow and ice.

我们已经在这里非常的大雨已对来自融水上方最近所有的雪和冰。

More than a billion people in Asia rely on glacial meltwater for a steady, year-round supply of fresh water.

在亚洲，有数亿居民依赖于稳定的冰川融水，这是他们全年淡水的来源。

The image here illustrates how these pockets and streams of warm meltwater permeate glaciers and ice sheets.

这幅图展示了冰川融水是如何渗透冰川以及冰原的。

The meltwater causes temperatures near shore to drop, and Child said the deaths must be linked to hypothermia.

冰雪融化成的水造成了海岸附近的温度下降，恰尔特说螃蟹的死亡必然与温度的降低有一定的联系。

But, as compared to the increased percentage of runoff from glacier meltwater, the increase amplitude is smaller.

降水与冰川融水径流量增加百分率相比，增加幅度较小。

For centuries, the population has depended on meltwater from the glaciers of the high mountains to irrigate their farmland.

几个世纪以来，这里的人们依靠来自高山上冰川的融水灌溉农田。

Less reflective than ice, water absorbs more solar rays, speeding the thaw and channeling meltwater into seals' breathing holes.

比冰的反射率小，海水吸收了更多的阳光，加速了融化并使融化后的淡水注入这些通气孔。

A meltwater lake on the Greenland ice sheet that contained 44 billion litres and covered 5.7 sq km gurgled away within 24 hours in 2006.

格陵兰大冰原上有一个融水湖泊，容量达440亿升，覆盖面积达5.7平方公里，在2006年，仅仅用了24小时就流光了。

Melt enough Greenland ice, and you reach the point at which you're not simply dripping meltwater into the sea but dumping whole glaciers.

足够融化格陵兰岛的冰，从这一点来看，不仅仅是把融化的水排入海里，而且会使整个冰川变成水。

There is no road back to the scent of the Julys when I was young and leapt from a boulder into the ice-cold meltwater of a Norwegian fjord.

再也回不到那个芳香的七月，那时我还年轻，我从一块冰砾上跳进了挪威峡湾冰冷的融水里。

In Mingyong, surging meltwater has carried away topsoil; elsewhere, excess runoff has been blamed for more frequent flooding and landslides.

在明永，泛滥的河水冲走了土地的表层土壤，而且还直接导致了山洪和泥石流的频发。

But scientists thought there was much less meltwater, playing a far less important role in ice sheet structure, than the new work suggests.

但是，跟这项新研究的发现相比，当时科学家们认为远远没有那么多融水，对于冰盖的结构也远远起不到那么重要的作用。

And meltwater carries the sediment scoured long ago by the glaciers to the coast, where it clouds the water and silts up once-navigable channels.

而融水将长久以来冰川冲刷的沉积物带到了海岸，浑浊了水域，于赛了航道。

For some time scientists were puzzled by the speed with which meltwater could disappear through the ice as it drained down natural pipes known as moulins.

融水可能透过冰层，流经冰川壶穴这样的自然管道而消失，有的科学家对这个消失的速度非常困惑。

Melting glaciers that supply meltwater for half the world's population and the constriction of rivers by hundreds of DAMS are also major problems, they say.

通过融雪提供食水给世界半数人口的冰川消融，以及在河流中数以百计的堤坝建设，同样也成为了主要的问题，他们说道。

The meltwater from the glacier on top of the volcano ran down into the crater, chilling the magma and then the pressure from underneath caused an explosion.

火山顶部的冰川融水流进了火山口，冷却了岩浆，随后来自底部的压力造成了爆炸。

We spent much of our first day walking beside the Dudh Kosi, known as the “river of milk” because glacier meltwater has turned it a lovely milky green colour.

我们第一天旅程的大部分时间都花在了都德科西河沿线，都德科西河又叫“奶河”，之所以得此称谓是因为来源于冰川融水的河水泛着淡淡的银河绿。

Either it exposes land, which then warms up; or it forms ponds (or lakes or streams) of meltwater on the surface of the ice, which absorb energy and melt more ice.

融冰过程要么导致陆地暴露并且温度升高，要么在冰层表面形成池塘(或湖泊，或溪流)，并吸收能量，融化更多的冰。