Water features along with shade structures or covered walks (trellis and pergolas) bring cooling effect into courtyards.

沿树荫道及带顶棚的小道（采用凉棚格架）会为庭院带去荫凉与清爽。

Known in ancient Egypt, pergolas were a common feature of early Renaissance gardens in Italy and subsequently throughout Europe.

古埃及就有这种藤架，文艺复兴初期在意大利的园林中普遍采用，后来传遍整个欧洲。