In vertebrates, the immune system provides a multiple defense against internal parasites.

在脊椎动物中，免疫系统提供了对体内寄生虫的多重防御。

The fossil remains of the first flying vertebrates, the pterosaurs, have intrigued paleontologists for more than two centuries.

翼龙是第一批会飞的脊椎动物，它的化石遗迹已经吸引了古生物学家两个多世纪。

Huxley reasoned that flying vertebrates must have been warm-blooded because flying implies a high rate of metabolism, which in turn implies a high internal temperature.

赫胥黎推断，会飞的脊椎动物一定是温血动物，因为飞行意味着较高的新陈代谢率，而新陈代谢率又意味着较高的内部温度。

The amount of energy that can be produced anaerobically is a function of the amount of glycogen present—in all vertebrates about 0.5 percent of their muscles' wet weight.

能以无氧方式产生的能量是存在的糖原量的功能——在所有脊椎动物中，糖原量约占其肌肉湿重的0.5%。

As a way of repairing some of that damage, a group of conservation biologists has proposed an ambitious, or some might say, a radical plan, involving large vertebrates, or, megafauna.

一群自然保护生物学家提出了一个雄心勃勃的计划——或者有人会说，这是一个激进的计划——即，把大型脊椎动物或巨型动物包含在计划中，作为修复部分损害的一种方法。

Scientists say that humans may first "talk" with mammals and then other vertebrates such as fish.

科学家说，人类可能会先与哺乳动物“交谈”，然后是其他脊椎动物，比如鱼。

In vertebrates, gap junction hemichannels are primarily homo- or hetero-hexamers of connexin proteins.

在脊椎动物中，间隙连接的半通道主要是连接蛋白的同型或异型六聚体。

Lampreys are the simplest living vertebrates.

七鳃鳗是一种最简单的活体脊椎动物。

They have no direct toxic effects on vertebrates.

它们对脊椎动物没有直接毒性作用。

Fish, birds and human beings are all vertebrates.

鱼、鸟和人类都是脊椎动物。

Q: To what group of vertebrates does the elephant belong?

大象属于那种脊椎动物?

The end of the Devonian was a crucial time for vertebrates.

泥盆纪末期是脊椎动物出现很的关键时期。

They are vertebrates, that is, animals that have backbones.

它们是脊椎动物，即有脊骨的动物。

No squirrels are known to hunt vertebrates, or even scavenge meat.

没有发现有松鼠猎取脊椎动物，或者以肉为食。

Moreover, the number of vertebrates has been reduced by 30 percent.

另外，脊椎动物数量已减少了百分之三十。

But those daring fish were the ancestors of all other land vertebrates, including us.

但是，只有那些勇敢的总鳍鱼成为了陆地上所有脊椎动物(也包括我们人类)的祖先。

The backs of vertebrates evolved as a kind of horizontal pole under which guts were slung.

进化的脊椎动物的背部就像一个水平杆，内脏就悬挂在这水平杆上。

The origin of vertebrates and their ancestry are problems still obscured by too few facts.

脊椎动物的起源和它们的始祖问题，由于事实太少仍然不很清楚。

Prior to this, many scientists did not think that plants could live inside the cells of vertebrates.

在此之前，很多科学家不认为植物能够在脊椎动物细胞内生长。

Some 96% of Marine species and 70% of land vertebrates were lost in what has been called "the great dying".

96%的海洋生物种类和70%的陆地脊椎动物在这个所谓的“伟大的死亡”中消失了。

Large bugs in the Lethocerinae family have been known to prey upon small vertebrates including fish and frogs.

我们知道Lethocerinae科(半翅负子蝽科昆虫的一类)的大型昆虫会捕食包括鱼和蛙类在内的小型脊椎动物。

China is rich in wildlife species. There are about 6, 000 vertebrates alone and 30, 000 species of higher plants.

我国野生动植物物种丰富，仅脊椎动物就有6000 多种左右，高等植物3 万多种。

That might seem a long way removed from where we're at, but there are vertebrates that live a very, very long time.

这对我们来说，也许看起来就是一段很长的生命之路了，但也确存在有存活时间很长很长的脊椎动物。

In vertebrates, polyploidy tends to be lethal, but plants can do just fine with all this extra genetic material.

脊椎动物中，多倍体往往是致死的，而多倍体植物却可以很好的存活。

"But among vertebrates - there's no animal of any sort that has anything like a limb modified as a club," noted Dr Longrich.

不过，朗里奇博士称在脊椎动物世界中，未发现哪种动物的肢体会演变为棍棒式武器。

This is also the same game that early land vertebrates, early amphibians and early relatives of crocs and dinosaurs were playing.

早期的陆地脊椎动物、早期的两栖动物，还有鳄鱼和恐龙的近亲也是如此。

In vertebrates this protein is found in retinal cells, where it transduces the energy of light into a nerve signal to the brain.

在脊椎动物中这个蛋白主要存在于视网膜细胞中，在那里它将光能转化为传入大脑的神经信号。

In fact, what's odd is that the hook-tip moth's territorial behavior is much like that of many vertebrates, not what you'd expect in an.

事实上，奇怪的是，钩翅蛾的占地行为更像是脊椎动物，并不像是你所想像的蛾类的占地行为。

Dr Haussler wants to sequence 10,000 vertebrates, a sixth of the total number of species of fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds and mammals.

Haussler博士想测序1万种脊椎动物的基因组，这个数目也即是包括鱼类，两栖类，爬行类，鸟类和哺乳动物等所有物种总数的六分之一。