Conclusion: CNTF is of trophic function on muscle cells in culture.

结论：CNTF对体外骨骼肌细胞具有营养作用。

In this paper, fuzzy number operation was used in identifying trophic type of lake.

本文提出了应用模糊数运算判别湖泊营养状态的类型。

Objective To investigate the clinical effects of trophic feeding in preterm infants.

目的探讨早产儿微量营养性喂养的临床作用。

Reviews on the trophic modes and factors affecting photosynthesis of Spirulina was made.

本文就螺旋藻的营养方式及光合作用的影响因素作了较为全面的综述。

The next best way to quantify the amount of protoplasm in each trophic level is to weigh it.

确定每一个营养阶层原生质总量的第二个好办法是称重。

Recent data showed 57.5% lakes were in eutrophic and hyper trophic status of the 40 surveyed lakes.

比来的数据显现，57.5%的湖泊富营养化和高的40个湖泊的营养状况停止查询拜访。

This results in an increasing concentration of insecticide in organisms at the higher trophic levels.

这就导致在更高营养级上的有机体中，农药的浓度增加。

To learn from peasants is to re-stitch the trophic chain and turn fertilization into water purification.

向农民学习，就是要缝合这个被切断的营养链，让施肥的过程也成为净化水体的过程。

These trials did not provide any evidence that early trophic feeding affected feed tolerance or growth rates.

这些试验尚未证明早期营养性喂养对喂养耐受性和发育率有影响。

Producers are often referred to as being in the first trophic level and are called autotrophs by the heterotrophs.

生产者通常被称为第一营养级，被异养称为自养。

In this article, effects and problems of several trophic factors on neurogenesis after cerebral ischemia are reviewed.

本文就多种营养因子对脑缺血后内源性神经发生的调控研究进展和存在的问题作一综述。

Hunting food behavior of natural enemy depends on information from various trophic levels, especially chemical information.

天敌搜寻食物的行为依赖于来自不同营养阶层上的信息，化学信息起重要作用。

The average trophic level of what is being caught is rising — and this in principle should indicate improving ecosystem health.

食物链等级体系中的高等级物种平均捕获率(而捕获正在并将持续进行)处于持续上升态势之中——按照所谓食物链等级理论，这应当意味着海洋生态系统的健康平衡发生了变化。

The early trophic feeding, slow volume increase and careful fast, are suggested to improve the feeding tolerance and gastrointestinal maturation.

早期微量喂养、缓慢加奶、谨慎禁食，可促进胃肠功能成熟，提高喂养耐受性。

Small mammals and soil animals are key links of trophic chains in terrestrial eco-systems, and play very important roles in bio-indicative studies.

小型哺乳动物和土壤动物是陆地生态系统食物链中重要环节，在生物指示研究中具有十分重要的作用。

In chapter 3, in this paper, we investigated a three trophic level food chain system with periodic constant impulsive perturbations for top predator.

第三章将在对顶级捕食者进行脉冲干扰，即周期性的向食物链中投放定量的顶级捕食者的前提下，研究三种群食物链系统的稳定性。

Herbivore-induced plant volatiles play a vital role in mediating tri-trophic interactions among host plants, herbivores and herbivore natural enemies.

虫害诱导的挥发性物质在调节植物-害虫-天敌三营养关系中具有重要的作用。

On a global scale, hypoxia has lead to major changes in the structure and function of Marine communities and trophic relationship of Marine food chains.

缺氧现象已经引发全球海洋结构、功能以及海中食物链营养关系的改变。

Stable isotopic characteristics of fatty acid and amino acid can reveal trophic structures, matter and energy flow processes of Marine food webs in detail.

通过脂肪酸、氨基酸等分子的稳定同位素特征，可以更细致更准确地了解食物网的营养结构、物质和能量的传递过程。

This paper reviewed some, recent progress in the assessment of water eutrophication, including model designing, application of trophic and biological indexes.

本文综述了近年来水体富营养化评价的一些进展，其中包括模型制作、营养和生物指数的应用。

The investigation shows that the water quality of Mirror Lake now is at the trophic state. Some preliminary methods of treatment on it are suggested as well.

通过对镜湖水质富营养化的初步研究，表明镜湖水体处于富营养化状态，并提出了治理的初步措施。

According to the comprehensive trophic level index (TLI), the values of Tangxi reservoir were between 30 and 50. It showed that the reservoir was mesotrophic.

结果表明，汤溪水库综合营养状态指数(TLI)在30 ~ 50之间，属中营养水平。

Up-regulation of jejunal IGF-1 and IGF-IR expression during refeeding suggests a role for the IGF action pathway in gut trophic responses to enteral nutrients.

再喂养时空肠IGF-1和IGF-IR表达的向上调节表明，IGF作用途径在对肠内营养物产生肠道营养反应的过程中起作用。

The ecosystem appears to be a young weak one caused by overfishing, with small and low-valued fishes dominated and low ecotrophic efficiency for trophic level I.

系统受过度捕捞渔业影响很大，并存在营养级I利用效率低和渔业资源小型化、低值化等不稳定的幼态特征。

Recent studies have found that addition of trophic factors can attenuate hypothermic ischemic injury to the donor organ, thus improving the preservation outcome.

最新研究发现向现有器官保存液中加入保护性因子可以减轻低温缺血损伤，改善器官保存效果。

The available trial data do not provide evidence of important beneficial or harmful effects of early trophic feeding for very preterm or very low birth weight infants.

现有证据还不足以证明对极端孕期早产儿或者极低出生体重婴儿的早期营养性喂养的利害影响。

Since the late 1990s, scientists and regional management organisations have used catch data to measure changes in the balance of species across so-called "trophic levels."

自1990年代起，科学家和区域性管理机构就已经开始了数据收集工作，通过对“食物链等级”上不同种群间的生态平衡变化进行定量研究。